Last November, IIES Co-director Margaret Graham represented the IIES and the University of Edinburgh at the 2025 United Nations Climate Change Conference, known as the 30th Conference of the Parties (COP30) at the Hangar Convention Centre in Belem, Brazil.

Months later, Earth Fellow and PhD student Katherine Taylor, brings together insightful and candid reflections on the COP30 negotiations in Belem, Brazil from academic staff and Earth Fellows and looks ahead towards COP31 in Antalya, Turkey.

“Reflections on COP30” follows “Advancing Action”– a collection of opinion pieces from climate experts across the University of Edinburgh, which was published just ahead of COP30 in November 2025. Read the full report through the link below. 

COP 30 Report Image